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英语中修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子是状语,状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。
二、英语状语作用
状语的作用:状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状语等。
状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末,但也可放在句首或句中。
副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。
1.副词一般在句子中做状语
He very well. 他英语说得非常好。
其中的“very”是程度副词,用来修饰“well”。“very well”是修饰“speak”的程度状语。
2. 不定式在句子中可以作目的状语
I come to see you. 我专门来看你。
3.介词短语
Ten years ago, She began to live in .
从十年以前开始,她开始住在了大连。
The boy was for his .
这个男孩因为他的勇敢而被夸奖。
4.从句作状语
When she was 12 years old, she began to live in .
她12岁的那一年开始居住于大连。
If I am not busy , I will play with you.
如果我明天不忙,我就会陪你踢足球。
5.动词ing形式作状语
①表示时间
its , the baby . (see和smile同时发生)
看到它的母亲,婴儿笑了。
for 3 years, he can with .(先study 然后才能)
学了3年英语,现在他能与外国人交流了。
②表示原因
Not about the , he went to work as usual.
(= he didn't know about the...)
Not any news from home for a long time, she is more and more .
(=As she hasn't any news from home...)
③表示结果
It , in that .
大雨滂沱,造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。
is in 80 , it the most sport in the world.
80个国家都有足球这项运动,使它成为世界上最受欢迎的运动。
The snow a week, to a jam in the whole area.
雪持续了一个星期,导致了整个地区的严重交通堵塞。
④表示方式
He earns a a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生计。
⑤表示伴随
She sat at the desk a .(是伴随着sat进行的)
她坐在书桌前看报纸。
“Can't you read?”Mary said to the .(是伴随着said进行的)
“你自己不会看吗?”玛丽指着那个告示牌并愤怒地说道。
I them to eat, they might be .
我给了他们一些东西吃,心想着他们可能饿了。
6.名词作状语
We must get again some day.
将来某天我们必能再相聚.
we serve heart and soul.
我们应该全心全意地服务
7、过去分词作状语
Faced with the , what are we to do?
三、英语中状语有什么类型
一、时间状语
She is to be next month. 她预定在下个月结婚。
I’ll meet you at 4 o’clock. 我将在4点钟和你见面。
A lot of my . 昨天许多学生误了我的课。
二、地点状语
He lives over the . 他住在山的那一边。
I first met him in Paris. 我初次见到他是在巴黎。
The are in the river. 孩子们正在河里游泳。
注:地点状语除表位置外,还可以表“出发”“去向”“距离”等。如:
Are you glad to be going back to ? 返回学校你感到高兴吗?
They lived many miles from the town. 他们住的地方离镇子好几英里远。
三、方面状语
She is very weak in . 她物理很不行。
China is very rich in . 中国自然资源丰富。
This is in every way than that. 这个在哪一方面都比那个要好。
The is 2500 in and 150 in . 这座桥长2500米,高150米。
四、原因状语
He was at what she said. 听到她说的话,他很吃惊。
He by hard work. 他由于努力工作而成功。
He was sent to for . 他因为抢劫而坐牢。
Last week she fell ill from cold. 上星期她着凉生病了。
We’re proud of our . 我们为祖国感到骄傲。
五、结果状语
He his wife into a car. 他说服他妻子买一辆小汽车。
The box is too heavy for me to lift. 这个箱子太重了,我提不动。
It , in that . 大雨滂沱,造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。
He went to in 1963, never to come back. 他在1963年到非洲,然后就再也没回来过了。
六、目的状语
They went out for a walk. 他们出去散步了。
He saves on of his son. 他为儿子存钱。
He stood aside for her to pass. 他靠边站让她过去。
He his ear to hear . 他的手捂着耳朵,以便听得更清楚。
He went to the south in of a life. 他去南方寻求更好的生活。
I went to not to study , but to study . 我去法国不是为了学法语,而是为了学建筑。
七、条件状语
Can you see your ? 你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗?
, we stand;pided, we fall. 团结则存,分裂则亡。
With more would be able to buy it. 钱多一点的话,我就买得起。
To look at could help . 看到他你就会忍不住笑起来。
We must be at least a third of our staff under new . 在新的技术条件下,我们必定要解雇至少三分之一的员工。
, we’ll have the match . 天气允许的话,我们将于明天进行比赛。
八、让步状语
For all his money, he’s a very man. 他虽然富有,可是非常寂寞。
Carol went to work in spite of ill. 卡洛尔尽管感到不舒服仍去上了班。
With all his , he lost the match. 虽然尽了全力,他还是输了那场比赛。
You ’t do that to save your life. 你即使为了救自己的命也不能那样做。
at by , he had my . 人人都嘲笑他,但我却同情他。
all this, they made me pay for the . 他们尽管了解这一切,还是要我赔偿损失。
九、程度状语
I don’t like very much. 我不太喜欢咖啡。
To a great , it is not fair. 在很大程度上,这是不公平的。
The which is used in this is very . 这个学校所施行的制度是非常成功的。
十、方式状语
We came on the bus. 我们坐公共汽车来的。
You must pay the bill in cash. 你必须用现金付账。
I the game on . 我在电视上收看了那场比赛。
We see with our eyes, and hear with our ears. 我们用眼睛看,用耳朵听。
I heard of the job a . 我从报上的广告中知道了这个工作。
十一、伴随状语
I slept with the open. 我开着窗睡觉。
She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含着泪水说再见。
He ran up to her . 他气喘吁吁地跑到她跟前。
He into the room, his face with sweat. 他满脸是汗跑进屋来。