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指示代词1.指示代词概述指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词,表示这个(些)、那个(些)。常用的指示代词有this,that,these,those。指示代词与定冠词、人称代词一样,都具有指定的含义。它们所指的对象取决于说话者和听话者共同熟悉的语境。指示代词在句中可作定语、主语、宾语、表语等。如I loved this very much.(定语)我非常喜欢这场音乐会。This is Bill.Is that ? (主语)我是比尔,你是罗伯特吗?Do you like this? (宾语)你喜欢这个吗?What I like is this,not that.(表语)我所喜欢的是这个,不是那个。2.指示代词的用法(1)指示代词this,these往往在指时间上或空间上较近的人或物;that,those可指时间上或空间上较远的人或物。This is my Brown.(近指)这是我的朋友查理布朗。This gift is for you and that one is for your .(this近指,that远指)这件礼物是你的,那件是你弟弟的。
I love these books but I dont like those.(these近指,those远指)我喜欢这些书,但不喜欢那些。(2)that,those常常用来代替已提到过的名词,以避免重复。The work than those we last year.这些计算机比我们去年买的运行速度快。The life in the is more than that in the city.乡村的生活比城市的生活要安静。注意:上文提到的事物,英语中常用that或those表示,而汉语却常用这表示。I had a bad cold.That was why I didnt go to .我感冒了,这是我为什么没上学的原因。Those are the VCDs you want.这就是你要的影碟。(3)在those who/which/that...或 those who,those which/that...句型中who/which引导的定语从句说明those的范围。
Those () who do not want to go can stay.不想去的(学生)可以留下来。I have read those books which/that I .我已经读完了我所借的书。注意:在those (...) who/which...中those 不可用these替代。(4)当所指的事物已确定时,后面的指示代词指人时须用he,she或they替代,指物时须用it或they替代。Are the books yours?Yes,they are.-这些书是你的吗?-是的,正是。That is your ,isnt it?那是你的错,不是吗?