(一)代词的类别

相互代词 each other,one

指示代词 this,that,these,those

不定代词(不指明特定的人或事物的代词)each,every,both,all,,,none,no,one,(a)few,(a),some,any,many,much,other,

复合不定代词 ,,,,,,,no one,every-thing,,,

疑问代词 what,who,whom,which,whose

直接代词 疑问代词都可作连接代词,引导宾语从句.表语从句等.

关系代词 who,whom,whose,that,which用引导定语从句.

(二)代词的用法

1.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词和指示代词的用法

(1)人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格用来作主语,宾格用来作动词或介词的宾语等.

eg. She gave me a red apple.她给了我一个红苹果： (She作主语,me作动词宾语)

near him.凯西靠近他.(介词near的宾语)

2.物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分.

①形容词性物主代词位于名词前：their ,his

②名词性物主代词相当干一个名词,在句中可作主语、宾语等,后面不能再接名词.

egIt isn’.→Mine(=mypen).(作主语)

. (=),(作宾语)

③“of+名词性物主代词”属双重所有格的一种形式.

eg.a cat of hers她的一条狗,a of yours你的一个朋友

3.反身代词

①反身代词在句中可作同位语,起强调作用,也可作动词或介词的宾语.

eg.A few days later,I had to go to Paris.(作同位语)

She a new bag.(作动词宾语)

He’s not about .(作介词宾语)

②带有反身代词的常用短语.

teach 自学

help to 随便吃些…吧

say to 自言自语.

learn……by 自学…

enjoy 过得愉快

leave one by 把某人单独留下

hurt 伤了自己

dress 自己穿衣服

come to 苏醒过来

4.相互代词

①表示相互关系,可用作动词或介词的宾语,用法区别不大.

eg. For years, the two after one (each other).多年来姐妹俩互相照顾.

We learn from each other. 我们应当互相学习.

②可以用格表示所有关系：each other’s, one ’s互相的,彼此的

eg.They are at each other’s .他们相互看对方的照片.

5.指示代词

①指示代词有单复数之分,既可指物,也可用于介绍人.

eg. This is an apple tree,and that is an tree.这是一棵苹果树,那是一棵桔子树.

These are my ,and that is my .这些是我朋友,那个是我姐姐.

②指示代词可用来指上文中提到的事情：

eg.Steve had a bad cold.This/That was why he didn’t come to .

2.不定代词

(1)each,every,both,all,,,no,none的用法

①each“每个/各个”(强调个体),用于两者或两者以上.

eg.Two girls came and l gave an apple to each.来了俩姑娘,我给她们每人一个苹果.

Each of them has a nice ring.她们每人有一枚漂亮的戒指.

②every“每个/各个”(强调全体),用于两者以上.every常作形容词用.

eg.Every day is to us.每天对我们都很重要.

He has read every book(all the books) On the .他阅读了所有有关这个主题的书.

③both表示两者“都”(强调全体).

eg.Her are both .她父母都是医生.

Both of them are .他俩都是医生.

They both like .他俩喜欢吃土豆.

④all“全体/大家/一切”用于三者以上,也可接不可数名词.

eg.That’s all for today.今天到此为止.

All of us are from China.我们都来自中国.

All the food is .所有的食物都很好吃.

⑤“两者之一”,用于两者(强调个体).

eg.The two coats are cheap,so you can of them.那两件外套不贵,你可以随便挑一件.

⑥“两个都不”,用于否定两者.

eg. Of the books is/are so .那两本书没一本好看的.

⑦no(=not any/not a)“没有”可接可数名词单复数,也可接不可数名词.

eg.I have no Or .我没有兄弟姐妹.

A clock has no mouth,but it can talk. 钟表没有嘴,但能说话.

There is no fire some smoke.有火就有烟.

⑧none“没有一个人/物”用于否定三者或三者以上的可数名词

eg.None Of them has/have been to Japan.他们都没去过日本.

I like none of the books.这些书我全都不喜欢.

⑨和none表示完全否定;all,both,each和every(含every的复合词)等与not连用时表示部分否定.

eg.I don’t know all of you.我不完全认识你们.

Not Of us know how to go there.不是我们每个人都知道怎样去那儿

(2)one,ones和no one的用法

one用来代替前面刚提到的一个东西或一个人,以免重复;复数ones用来代替前面提到的一些物或一些人;no one表示否定.

eg.——Would you pass me the book?给我递过那本科学方面的书好吗?

一Which one?哪一本?

一The one on my shelf.我书架上的那本.

No one has than to the moon.没有人旅行远过月球.

(3)(a)few,(a);many,much;some,any的用法

①many(+复数名词),much(+不可数名词)表示“许多/很多”.

eg.Many Of the come from .那些学生许多是从英国来的.

,it’s too much for me.谢谢,我承受不起.

②few(+复数名词),(+不可数名词)表示“没多/很少”(表否定).

eg,There were few in the last night.昨晚街上没什么人.

I am very that l have time to the job.我担心,我几乎没有时间完成这份工作了.

③a few(+复数名词),a (+不可数名词)表示“有一些/有几个”(表肯定).

eg.I call see a few cakes and a bread inthe .我看到冰箱里有几块蛋糕和一些面包.注意：quite a few表示“相当多”

eg.There are quite a few over there.那儿有相当多的学生.

④some(+复数名词/不可数名词),any(+复数名词/不可数名词)表示“有一些/有几个”(表肯定).

eg.There are some birds in the tree.树上有些鸟.

There is some water in the .瓶里有些水.

I don’t have any Of .我没有

Is there any tea in the cup?杯子里有茶吗?

⑤some一般用于肯定句,但在表示请求、建议.反问等的疑问句中,多用some.

eg： Would you like some beer?你要不要来点啤酒吗?

Why didn’t you buy some ?(You have ……)你怎么没买点糖果?

⑥any一般用于疑问句和否定句及条件从句

eg.There isn’t any water left.没有剩下一点水.

If you have any , put up your hands..如果有问题,请举手.

⑦some+单数名词表示“某一个”,any+单数名词表示“随便哪一个”或“任何一个”.

eg.I’ll catch up with you some day有一天我会赶上你的.

day you like.你哪天来都行.

Tom is than any other in his class.汤姆比他班上其他任何一个学生都高.

④one ,other, , the ,等的用法

1.○ ● one……the other

表示两个人或两件东西中的“一个…另一个”

eg.Mr Smith has two .0ne is a ,the other is a nurse.

2.one……

表示不定数目中的“一个”与“另—个”.

eg. I don’t want this One, give me .

3..one ……the

强调在一定范围中的“一个”与“其余的”.

eg. In Our One Of the is ,the are

(4)复合不定代词的用法

①复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.

eg. is at the door.有人在敲门

②修饰复合不定代词的形容词或其它词要放在其后,即定语后置.

eg.There is On today’.今天的报纸有些重要新闻.

③复合不定代词变否定句时,要否定主语：

eg..(变为否定句)

isn’t wrong.(错误)

is wrong.(正确)

④,,一般用于肯定句;,,一般用于否定句、疑问句及条件句.

eg.There is new in the park.公园里有些新的景点.

Do you have to tell us?你有什么有趣的事要告诉我们吗?

⑤当,等用于疑问句时,表示肯定、请求、建议或反问;,等用在肯定句中表示“任何人”.

eg.Is this ?今天下午有客人来吗?

can make . 任何人都可能犯错误.

3.疑问代词的用法.

(1)who/whom 谁(指人).

①作主语 eg. Who wants to go with him?

②作宾语 eg.Who/Whom are you for?(作介词for的宾语)

eg.Who/Whom do you want to meet?(作动词meet的宾语)

③作表语 eg.Who/Whom are they?

(2)whose谁的

①作定语 eg. Whose pen is this?

②作表语 eg. Whose is this pen?

(3)which哪一个,哪一些

①作定语 eg.Which girl is Kathy?

②作表语 eg. Which is the boy’s ball?

(4)what什么

①作主主语 eg. What’s on the table?

②作宾语 eg. What are you doing?

③作表语 eg. What is he?

④作定语 eg. What class are you in?

4.关系代词的用法

关系代词用来引起定语从句,它一方面代表定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词,另——方面又在从句中充当一个成分.

eg·This is the man who gave me the book. 这就是给我书的那个人.

The money that/which is on the table is mine. 桌上的钱是我的.

The money that/which my gave me is on the table. 我妈妈给我的钱在桌上.

初中英语语法代词知识点总结仅供各位参考和学习,祝大家学习进步!